of beswick



(No Model.)

J. E. S. THORNHILL, T. FORKNALL, & E. THORNHILL,

RAILWAY GARRIAGE.

No. 320,601. Patented June 23, 1885.

l 1 Illlillllll filllllllllll UNITED STATES PATENT OFFron;

JAMES EDWARD SOHOFIELD THORNHILL, OF BESXVIOK, THOMAS FORKN ALL, OFFAIRFIELD, AND EDXVABD THORNHILL, OF ARDWIOK, COUNTY OF LAN OASTER,ENGLAND.

RAILWAY-CARRIAGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,601, dated June 23,1885.

Application filed March 24, 1884.

. SoHoFInLD THORNHILL, of Beswick, near Manchester, in the county ofLancaster, England, engineer, THOMAS FORKNALL, of Fairfield, nearManchester, in the county aforesaid, engineer, and EDWARD THORNHILL, ofArdwick, near Manchester, in the county aforesaid, overlooker, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in mounting the wheels ofrailway-carriages and tram-cars,and in the axles of suchrailway-carriages and tramcars, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention relates to the construction and arrangement of the axlesand bearings of the wheels of railway-carriages and tram-cars;

and it consists in arrangements whereby we are enabled to reduce theamount of tractive force required to move such railway-carriages andtram-cars.

In order that our invention may be readily understood, we will proceedto describe the same, reference being made to the drawings hereuntoannexed.

Figure 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 a side elevation, and Fig. 3 an end view, ofso much of a railway-carriage or tram-car as is requisite to illustrateour invention.

At a a a a are axles, fast upon which are mounted wheels I) b 5 brespectively. For the present we will assume that the axles a a a orterminate at the points A A A A respectively, and as the axles a a" aand wheels I) b b are similar to the axle a and wheel b, respectively,we shall only describe the axle a and wheel I), and to the remainingaxles and wheels we shall affix similar letters of reference, with theaddition of a distinguishing number attached thereto.

At a c are end pieces made of timber or other suitable material, towhich end pieces 0 c, in

any convenient manner, are secured other- (No model.) Iatcnted inEngland October 30, 1883, No. 5,144.

we have shown two plates called hornplates, 0 f or g h, for eachaxle-box j or it, one only of such plates or horn-plates may beemployed, if desired; or the plates efg It may be dispensed with and theaxle-boxes j k may be connected to the frame of the railway-carriage ortram-ear by means of springs or in any other convenient manner.

The axle-boxes j 70 are provided with steps Z, (one only of which isshown,) which steps are supported upon necks or journals at at, formedupon the ends of the axle a, one neck or journal, a, being at one sideof the wheel Z), and the other neck or journal, at, being at the otherside of such wheel b. The axle-boxes j k may support the frame of therailway-can riage or tram-car by means of any ordinary arrangement ofspring or springs, one form of such spring being indicated by the dottedlines B.

Upon the axle-boxes j k are projecting parts which act as guides toretain such axle-boxes j k in position when sliding upward and downwardupon the guide-plates e f g h. The journals a a formed upon the axle ahave collars formed at their ends, so that the axle ais prevented frommoving longitudinally.

By forming two necks or journals a an upon the axle a, one of such necksbeing upon one side of the wheel I) and the other neck upon theotherside of the wheel I), we divide the Weight of the railway-carriage ortramcar and its load to be supported by the wheel b between the twonecks or journals a a.

By dividing the load supported by the wheel Z2 between the two necks orjournals a a we are enabled to reduce the diameter on such necks orjournals a a without increasing the liability of the axlea to bending orfracture.

By reducing the diameter of the necks or journals of the axles ofrailway-carriages and tram-ears, as above described, we reduce thefriction of such necks or journals upon the steps or bearings withinwhich such necks or journals revolve, and we thus cause a less amount oftractive force to be required to move such railway-carriage or tram-caraforesaid.

the opposite side of such railway-carriage or tram-car, in which case weprolong the axle a to the point 0, and form upon the said axle a acollar, 11. \Ve prolong the axle a to the point 0, and formor securethereon a socket, 0, within which passes the end 9 of the axle a.

Upon the socket 0 we form a flange, q.

At T is a plate secured to the socket 0 by means of bolts 8. The plate1" has a circular opening formed therein, within which the axle a isfree to be revolved. The plate 1' maintains the collar or within thecircular recess formed in the socket 0, thereby preventing the axles a afrom separating longitudinally. The socket 0, bolts 8, plate 1', andcollar a form a coupling which serves to maintain the axles a a in aline with each other, while at the same time leaving them free torevolve independently of each other.

We desire it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves to theabove-described construction of coupling for connecting the axles, asany suitable arrangement of coupling may be employed.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

The combination, with a railway-carriage or tram-car, of the wheels I) b6 b the axles a a, a a one for each wheel, and each having two journals,the axle-boxes j 7c,j kflfilcflj 70", two for each axle, and thecouplings, one between each two axles, which are in line with eachother, all substantially as herein described.

JAMES EDWARD SOHOFIELD TIIORNHILIL THOMAS FORKNALL. EDWARD THORNHILL.WVitnesses:

ARTHUR O. HALL, 9 lllormt St, lllanchester.

W. T. CHEETHAM, Patent Agent, 18 St. 'Anns St, M'cmchester.

